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Scotland's historical relationship with France is often termed the Auld Alliance. By 1560 the Auld Alliance was more or less over but it has lingered on in Scottish sentimental memory. Stuart Kelly argues that the real Auld Alliance was between Scotland and the "various principalities, kingdoms, cantons, duchies and electorates that would eventually comprise Germany and its German-speaking neighbours." In these essays he explores the relationship between Scotland and the German world as it has played out in literature, education, philosophy, the visual arts and historiography. In this essay he explores the complementary and competing educational visions of Kurt Hahn, the founder of Gordonstoun, and A.S.Neill, founder of the free school of Summerhill.