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Jonathan Last, author of What to Expect When No-one鈥檚 Expecting, explains how most interventions to increase the fertility rate have failed in countries around the world.

While negative incentives seem to work, such as China鈥檚 one child policy, encouraging people to have more children seems less successful.

As Last explains, a far larger influence on a woman鈥檚 decision to have more children than race, education or geography, is how often she attends religious services.

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