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Making History
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Listen to the latest editionTuesday 3.00-3.30 p.m
Vanessa Collingridge and the team answer listener’s historical queries and celebrate the way in which we all ‘make’ history.
Programme 2
9ÌýOctober 2007

Listen to this programme in full

Winchester Cathedral

A Making History listener has noticed differences in the finish to stonework close to the base of the tower of Winchester Cathedral. She contacted Making History to find out whether the finer of the two styles marked the work done after the tower collapsed in 1107?

Vanessa Collingridge met up with Richard Plant from Christie’s Education, one of our leading experts on Norman architecture. He explained the background to the Norman Cathedral, how in 1070 a Norman Bishop replaced the Saxon one and the existing Saxon Cathedral was demolished to make way for a building that was to be the biggest in Europe for over one thousand years. Work started in 1079 using stone from the Isle of Wight and it is thought that the bulk of the work was finished by 1093.

Inside the Cathedral, in the north transept close to the base of the new tower (completed in 1120), two different styles of stone-working can be seen. One uses fairly thick layers of lime mortar between the stones, the other fairly thin layers. The thicker layers are remnants of the original stone-work and this could have contributed to the instability of the build.

Richard Plant reminded us that tower collapses weren’t uncommon in the 12th century and that architects (the stonemasons) and builders were working at the limits of their experience and technology. To make matters worse, at Winchester, the Cathedral has very shallow foundations as it is built on water meadows that still flood.

Useful links:



³ÉÈËÂÛ̳ History, Cathedrals of Britain





Further reading:

Eric Fernie, The Architecture of Norman England (Oxford 2000)

J. Crook (ed), Winchester Cathedral: 900 Years, (Chichester, 1993)

British Archaeological Association Conference Transactions:
Medieval Art and Architecture at Winchester Cathedral (Leeds, 1983),
Rotuli Hundredorum

Laura Bradd in North Devon came across some Medieval manuscripts called Rotuli Hundredorum from Suffolk which included references to someone who shared her surname. Laura wanted to know what these documents were, who was behind them and what why was this Robert Bradd mentioned?

Making History consulted Dr David Roffe the co-director of the Sheffield Rolls project. He explained that these documents were Hunderd Rolls from 1275 and that they were part of an inquiry into the abuses of royal and seigneurial bailiffs and officers in the previous ten year or so. Following the civil war in the mid 1260s, central government lost control of local administration and there had been a degree of chaos with officials of all kinds abusing their powers.

The pressure to do something came from below - we have evidence that the inquiry was the result of popular pressure, just about the first indication of a popular political movement. The hundred rolls of 1275 record the complaints made. They are often some of the most colourful records that survive from medieval England.

Robert Bradd was a sub-bailiff in Baberge Hundred in Suffolk. He, with other bailiffs, arrested a certain Coleman le Hen of Stoke by Nayland who was accused of robbery in the view of ‘frankpledge’. Coleman was bound and taken along with two of his cows, a bullock, a mare, and several measures of corn to the house of Robert Langley. Subsequently he was acquitted of the crime but the bailiffs did not return his livestock and grain.

Useful Links:

(for more on the Hundred Rolls click on Research and follow the links).

The Women’s Timber Corp

James MacDougal from Forestry Commission, Scotland, contacted the programme asking for anyone who either served or had a family member who served in the Women’s Timber Corp during the Second World War. These women, known as the ‘Lumber Jills’, worked on forestry projects and were part of the bigger Women’s Land Army.

On Wednesday 10th October 2007 a memorial to these women will be unveiled at the Queen Elizabeth Forest Park near Stirling.

Useful links:







Contact ÌýMaking History
Use this link to: Email Making History

Write to: Making History
³ÉÈËÂÛ̳ Radio 4
PO Box 3096
Brighton
BN1 1TU

Telephone: 08700 100400

Making History is produced by Nick Patrick and is a Pier Production
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Making History

Vanessa Collingridge
Vanessa CollingridgeVanessa has presentedÌýscience and current affairs programmes for ³ÉÈËÂÛ̳, ITV, Channel 4, Channel 5 and Discovery and has presented for ³ÉÈËÂÛ̳ Radio 4 & Five Live and a regular contributor to the Daily Telegraph and the Mail on Sunday, Scotsman and Sunday Herald.Ìý

Contact Making History

Send your comments and questions for future programmes to:
Making History
³ÉÈËÂÛ̳ Radio 4
PO Box 3096 Brighton
BN1 1PL

Or email the programme

Or telephone the Audience Line 08700 100 400

Making HistoryÌýis a Pier Production for ³ÉÈËÂÛ̳ Radio 4 and is produced by Nick Patrick.

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Thursday, 9.00 - 9.45am, rpt 9.30pm
Melvyn Bragg explores the history of ideas.
Listen again online or download the latest programme as an mp3 file.



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