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The Beginning of Private Enterprise IndustryAt the time of the Restoration 80 per cent of the population worked in agriculture. The land had been ravaged by the Civil War. The biggest industry was cloth though it was still a cottage industry. Coal was not a cottage industry it was the beginning of private enterprise industry. Industry that produced collective, structured employment. By the end of the 17th century the population of England and Wales stood at 5.25million. In May 1660 Charles II entered London in triumph. The people lined the streets to welcome the new monarch.
Samuel Pepys started his diary in January 1660.
Things being put in order and the cooke come, I went to the office, where we sat til noon; and then broke up and I home - wither by comes Dr Clerke and his lady, his sister and a she-cosen, and Mr Pierce and his wife, which was all my guests. I had for them, after oysters at first course, a hash of rabbits and lamb, and a rare chine of beef; next a great dish of roasted fowl, cost me about thirty shillings, and a tart; and then fruit and cheese. My dinner was noble enough. At night to supper; had a good sack posset and cold meat and sent my guests away about ten o'clock at night both of them and myself highly pleased with our management of this day. I believe this day's feast will cost me near five pounds.  
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