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This video explains how you can work out a calculation by adding or subtracting to 10 first.

Adding by making 10 is also called bridging through 10.

Here's what to do:

• Work out what you need to add to your first number to make ten.

• Take this from your second number. What do you have left?

• Add what is left to 10. That's your answer!

8 + 4 = ?

This can be solved by partitioning one of the numbers.

Here are two tens frames showing 8 orange counters.

Here are 4 yellow counters which are going to be added to the 8 orange counters.

There are 2 empty spaces on the left hand ten frame.

8 + 2 = 10

We have used 2 of the yellow counters to make 10.

There are 2 yellow counters left over that are added to the second ten frame.

10 + 2 = 12

This shows 8 + 4 = 12

The same calculation can be solved using the part-whole model.

4 can be split into 2 and 2.

2 can be added to 8 to make 10.

8 + 2 = 10

Then the 10 can be added to the other 2 to make 12.

10 + 2 = 12

Which means 8 + 4 = 12

7 + 4 = ?

Start by working out what you need to add to 7 to make 10.

7 + ? = 10

The answer is 3.

Take this answer away from the second number in the calculation.

4 - 3 = 1

Add this answer on to 10.

10 + 1 = 11

So:

7 + 4 = 11.

This can be shown as a part-whole model like this.

Have a go at these quizzes to put what you've practised into action.