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Forces For Change IRRIGATION Undoubtedly one of the key reasons for the rise of Egyptian civilisation was the development, by early settlers, of a way to control the flooding of the river Nile. The Nile would break its banks each year, saturating the surrounding countryside. When the waters subsided, a rich, fertile silt ideal for crop growing would be left. The ancient Egyptians used a variety of techniques to trap the water and irrigate the land, using canals, basins, dams and dykes. The early settlers then manually watered more outlying fields by carrying water in jars. PAPYRUS Papyrus was effectively the note paper of the ancient Egyptians allowing them to record daily events throughout the kingdom. It was made from the stem of the papyrus plant, cut into a horizontal row of strips. A layer of resin was applied and a second row of strips was placed on the surface - this time vertically. The layers would then be pressed and allowed to dry. Papyrus sheets could be made to any size. |
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