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Glossary

caliph - (calif or khalifa) ruler (literally successor to Prophet Mohammed

caliphate - office or position of caliph

Fellahin - peasant

hajj - pilgrimage

ibn - son of

infidel - nonbeliever

jihad - Holy War (sometimes spelt djihad)

kaffir - nonbeliever

khedive - Turkish title of ruler of Egypt

Koran - Holy Book of Islam

Maghreb (sometimes spelt maghrib) North Africa

madrasa - centre of learning

qadi - judge or lawyer ( also spelt khadi)

sultan - ruler

emir - ruler or governor

pasha - governor or high ranking military officer (Turkish)

vizier - chief minister or governor (Turkish)